Ucraina, resa dei conti nel Mar Nero: scoppia la “guerra delle petroliere”

Il sequestro della petroliera, annunciato l’altro ieri dal presidente statunitense, segna una nuova e significativa escalation nella strategia di pressione contro il regime di Nicolás Maduro. L’operazione rappresenta un salto di qualità nella politica di sanzioni degli Stati Uniti verso il Venezuela.

Si tratta infatti della prima azione diretta contro un carico di greggio venezuelano dopo le misure restrittive introdotte da Washington nel 2019. Il sequestro rientra in una più ampia manovra politico-militare, che prevede il rafforzamento della presenza navale Usa nei Caraibi e un’intensificazione delle attività di sorveglianza marittima.

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Al centro della vicenda c’è la cosiddetta “flotta ombra”, una rete di petroliere che da anni aggira le restrizioni americane disattivando i transponder, cambiando nome o navigando sotto bandiere di comodo. Questo sistema consente il trasporto di petrolio sanzionato proveniente da Iran, Russia e Venezuela.

Secondo i dati di monitoraggio, la nave sequestrata – oggi chiamata Skipper, in passato Adisa – aveva già effettuato almeno due viaggi con petrolio iraniano nel 2025. Da dicembre, invece, trasportava greggio venezuelano, con destinazione finale molto probabilmente in Asia, soprattutto in Cina.

Washington sostiene che il sequestro sia legato soprattutto al coinvolgimento nel traffico di petrolio iraniano, più che alla rotta venezuelana. Tuttavia, il messaggio politico appare chiaro: colpire ogni canale che permetta al petrolio sanzionato di raggiungere i mercati internazionali.

Il video diffuso dalla procuratrice generale Pam Bondi mostra militari statunitensi calarsi sulla nave da elicotteri, senza alcuna resistenza da parte dell’equipaggio. Restano però molti interrogativi: non è stato chiarito se il provvedimento riguardi il carico, la nave o entrambi.

Il presidente Donald Trump ha lasciato intendere che gli Stati Uniti “probabilmente” tratterranno il petrolio sequestrato, facendo presagire una linea ancora più dura verso Caracas. Secondo fonti anonime citate dal New York Times, nuovi sequestri potrebbero avvenire nelle prossime settimane.

La reazione del Venezuela è stata immediata e durissima. Il governo Maduro ha parlato di “pirateria internazionale” e di furto palese, mentre circa ottanta navi restano ferme al largo delle coste per timore di ulteriori interventi statunitensi. La tensione si inserisce in un quadro politico interno già instabile.

Il sequestro arriva infatti in un momento critico per l’economia venezuelana: le esportazioni di greggio sono la principale fonte di valuta estera e quasi tutte dirette verso la Cina. Ogni blocco rischia di colpire un sistema già fragile, aprendo una nuova fase della guerra silenziosa tra Washington e Caracas.

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